Rock-drill.



Patented nec. 24, |901.

' Aitarney F. RATTEK.

ROCK DRILL (Application led May 2, 1901.)

(No Model) \o l l i W/TNESS/s m M7/y UNrrnD STATES Faremo @erica FRANK RATTEK, OF BRIDGEVATER, MASSACHUSETTS.

ROCK-DRILL.

SPECIFGATION forming part of Letters Patent N o; 689,516, dated December 24, 1901. Application led May 2, 1901. Serial No. 58,471. (No model.)

T0 @ZZ whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRANK RATTEK, a citizen of the United States, residing at Bridgewater, in the county of Plymouth and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Rock-Drills; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to rock-drills and other similar tools which have a percussive action; and it consists in the novel construction and combination of the parts hereinafter fullydescribed and claimed.

In the drawings, Figure lis a side View of the rock-drill. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section through the principal parts of the rockdrill, drawn to a larger scale. Fig. 3 is a cross-section taken on the line c m in Fig. 2. Fig. lis a plany view, and Fig. 5 is a section, showing the triangular port drawn to a larger scale. Fig..6 is a longitudinal section showing the port 2l and passage 20.

A is an outer cylindrical casing provided with a cap or cover a' at its rear end, and A is a handle attached to the said cap and serving to adjust the direction of the drill.

vI5 is a supporting-disk, which is rigidly secured to the front end portion ofthe casing A. The disk B is carried by a suitable standard, which is not shown.

C is the power-cylinder, which is slidable in the casing A in the same manner asa piston is slidable in a cylinder. A key c is provided, Which projects from the casing into a longitudinal groove c in the cylinder, so that the cylinder cannot revolve in the casing.

The front part of the cylinder C consists of a cap D, which forms a chamber cl for the valve. The front end portion of the casing A has a longitudinal slit D', and d is a clamping-nut, which is screwed on the tapering front end port-ion of the casing. lVhen the `nut CZ is screwed up, it contracts the front drill E in'it. The front end portion of the .A

drill-socket is split and is provided with a tapering screw-thread, so that it is clamped upon the shank of the drill when the nut g is screwed up.

H is the'poWer-piston,which is slidable and revoluble in the cylinder C. The piston H is provided with an angular piston-rod h, which is slidable in a corresponding hole in the drill-socket. The piston-rod h is preferably square in cross-sect-ion; but it may be of any other section which Will enable it to slide in the hole in the drill-socket and to revolve the drill-socket. The piston H is provided With suitable packing-rings 7L', and it has a circumferential groove I, the use of which will be more fully described hereinafter.

J is a ratchet-box secured in the rear end portion' of the cylinder C by a screw-plug j, which closes the rear end of the cylinder. A riled sternly" projects from thc ratchet-box and engages with a ritled hole in the piston H. The ratchet-box is of any approved constructiwon, and it is provided with one or more pawls Which permit the stem j to revolve in one direction, but prevent it't'rorn revolving in the reverse direction. causes the reciprocating piston H to revolve step by step in one direction.

The rear end portion of the casing A forms a feed-cylinder s. In order that the powercylinder C may Work properly in the cylinder s, it is provided with suitable packing.

This rock-drill may be operated by any approved tluid,such as compressed air or steam; but for convenience its construct-ion is herein described as adapted to work with com- The ritled stemk :x

lOO

55 .a longitudinal passage 22 and a triangular vfront strokes.

pressed air. Vhen steam is the motive power, the cylinder C may have metallicpacking; but when compressed air is used a cup-leather packing t' is provided and is secured to the plug j. A springwire eX- pander 7c is provided inside the cup-leather packing, and k' is a cover-plate for holding it in position by means of screws K. The valve N, which is slidable in the chamber d, is annular and cylindrical externally andhas three internal rings or collars` m, n, and n of different size. The front. end portion of the cylinder C is provided with three bearings of different size for the said three rings to slide upon. The cylinder also has a ring p secured on it between the front end ring fn and the middle ring a to form an abutment'for the said ring n. The space between the rings n. and n forms an annular exhaust-chamber 2, and the space between the rings mand n forms an annular chamber 3 for compressed air. An exhaust-port 4 is formed in the side of the cap D, and 5 represents holes which' connect the exhaust-chamber 2 with the said exhaust-port. An annular air-chamber 6 is formed in the cap D in front of the ring n', which forms the front end ofthe valve, and an annular chamber? is formed in the cap D, behind the ring m, which forms the rear end of the valve. An exhaust-port Sconstantly oonnects the chamber? with the atmosphere by means of a longitudinal groove E), formed in the side of the cap and cylinder or any other convenienily-formed outlet.

S is the supply-pipe for compressed air. 'lhissupply-pipe is constantly connected with =the chamber 3 of the valve by means of an annular passage 10a-nd a longitudinal paslsage 1l in the cap and cylinder, which passage terminates in aport l2.

The cylinder-.C has an air-chamber 13 at its front end between the pistons II and f, and an air-chamber14 at its rear end between the piston H and the ratchet-box. Then tlie valve is moved forward, as shown, the chamber 13 'is connected to the chamber 7 by a longitudinal passage 15 and a port 16, and the chamber 3 is connected to the chamber lflvby a longitudinal passage 17 and a port 1S. The chamber 6 is connected with the chamber 14E by a longitudinal passage 2K0 and a port 21,

which is uncovered by the piston H shortly4 before it arrives at the front. end of Lts stroke in the cylinder C. The chamber 14 is connected with the feed-cylinder s by means of port23. The apex of the triangular port 23 isarranged toward the rear, and this port is uncovered to a greater or less extent by the piston H when it arrives at the end of its A check-valve 24 is arranged in the passage 22 to prevent the air passing backward through it.

An exhaust-port 25 is provided in the cylinder C in front of the port 21, and the function of the circumferential groove l of the piston Histo place the ports 21 and 25 in cominuuication when the piston H is at the rear end of its stroke in the cylinder C. The eX- haust-port 25 is constantly in connection with the atmosphere by any convenient passage, such as a groove 26 in the cylinder which communicates with the groove 9.

The valve N is oiled by means of a lubricator 30 of approved construction which delivers into the passage 1l.

In order to lubricate the point of the drill, a hole 3l is formed centrally in it and in the drill-socket, and this hole is connected with a circumferential oilchamber 32, formed around the drill-socket. The chamber 32 is supplied with oil from any approved lubricator through an oil-passage Stin the cap D, and 35 is apassage in the said cap which connects Vthe oil-,passage 34 with the air-chamber 10, so that-*the air forces the oil through the various oil-passages to the point of `the drill and keeps the'latter constantly lubricated.

The operation of the rock-drill jis as follows: When the parts are in the positions shown, the air passes from tbe pipe S to chamber 3 of the Valve N throughpassages 10 and l1. From chamber 3 the air passes through port 1S and passages 17 into chamber 14 and drives forward the piston H. The piston-rod 7i. drives forward the drill, striking against the end of the hole in ,the drill-socket and at the same time partially revolving the drill. When the piston uncovers vthe ports 2l and 23, a portion of the air in the chamber 14 passes through the triangularport 23 and the passage 22 to the feed-cylinder 3 and movesthepower-cylinder forward in its casing A, the point ofthe drill still remaining in contact with the rock. .Another portion ot' air in thechamber 14 passes through the port 2l and passage 2O into the chamber 6 in front of the valve, The pressureof the air in the chamber 6 reverses the valve. The rear ring fm of the valve lirst closes the port lb'and cuts off the communication between the chamber 13 and the exhaust and then places thport 16 in communication with the chamber 3 of the valve. The middle ring n of the valve lirst closes the port 18 and then puts it in communication with the exhaustchamber 2. The valvebeing-thus reversed, the air rushes fromichamber 3 through port 16 and passage 15 into chamber 13 infront of the piston` H and drives the piston H rearward in the cylinder C. When the piston arrives at the rear end of its stroke, its groove I places the ports 21 and 25 in communication, and the air in chamber 6 infront of the valve is exhausted. The air in chamber 3 of the valve immediately forces the valve forward to its original position, because the area of the ring n is greater than that of the ring m. The ring p on the cylinder prevents the valve from striking the end of the chamber 6.' The cylinder is fed forward automatically at each stroke of the drill. When the drill comes to a hard spot, the piston H is not moved so far forward at each stroke, so that IOO IIO

less of the triangular port 23 is uncovered, and the forward feed of the power-'cylinder is consequently decreased automatically to the necessary extent. \Vhen the drill comes to a soft spot in the rock and the piston H makes longer strokes, the piston H uncovers more of the port 23 and the feed of the power-cylinder C is increased automatically and in proportion to the requirements of the drill.

1. The combination, with a casing, and a cylinder slidable in the casing; of a piston slidable in the said cylinder, and a distributingvalve, said cylinder being provided with passages controlled by the said valve and piston whereby the piston is reciprocated in the cyl- A inder and the cylinder is fed forward automatically inthe casing when its supply-port is uncovered by the said piston at the end of its outstrokes, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination, with a casing, and a cylinder slidable in the casing; of a drillsocket provided with a piston slidable in the said cylinder, a main piston slidable in the said cylinder independent of the drill-socket and provided with a piston-rod which engages loosely with the drill-socket, and a distributing-valve, said cylinder being provided with passages controlled by the said valve whereby the main piston is reciprocated in the cylinder and the cylinder is fed forward automatically in the casing, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination, with a casing, and a' cylinder slidable in the casing and provided with stepped bearings at one end; of a piston slidable in the said cylinder, and an annular` the cylinder and the cylinder is fed forward automatically in the casing when its supplyport is uncovered by the said piston at the end of its outstrokes,substantially as set forth.

4. The combination, with a casing, a cylinder slidable in the casing, and means for preventing the cylinder from revolving in the casing; of a piston slidable in the cylinder, means for constraining the piston to revolve step by step as it slides back and forth in the cylinder, and a distributing-valve, said cylinder being provided with passages controlled by the said valve whereby the piston is reciprocated in the cylinder and the cylinder is fed forward automatically, substantially as set forth.

5. The combination, with a casing, and a cylinder slidable in the casing; of a ratchetbox secured in the rear end of the cylinder and provided with a rifled stem, a drillsocket provided with a piston slidable in the front end of the cylinder, a reciprocating piston engaging with the said stem and provided with a piston-rod which works in a hole in the said drillsocket, and a distributing-valve,

said cylinder being provided with passages controlled by the said valve whereby the said reciprocating piston is moved back and forth in the cylinder and the cylinder is fed forward automatically,substantially as set forth.

'6. The combination, with a casing, and a ncn-revoluble cylinder which is slidable longitudinally in the casing and provided with a supply-port and a passage connecting the bore of the said cylinder with the space in the casing at one end thereof; of a drill-socket slidable in the said cylinder, a main piston slidable in the said cylinder independent of the drill-socket and operating to propel the said drill-socket periodically, and means for revolving the main piston and the drill-socket step by step in the cylinder, said main piston operating to uncover the said supply-port periodically so that the cylinder is advanced step by step in the said casing together with the said main piston and drill-socket, substantially as set forth.

7. The combination, with a casing provided' with a slit at one end, of a cylinder slidable in the said casing,a reciprocating piston working in the said cylinder, and means for contracting lthe slit end portion of the casing upon t-he said cylinder, substantially as set forth.

8. The combination, with a cylinder, and a piston slidable therein and forming a chamber 14, said cylinder being provided with a valve-chamber; of an annular valve slidable in the valve-chamber and forming a chamber 6 at one end thereof, said cylinder being also provided with a passage 20 and a port 21 which connect the chamber 6 with the chamber 14, and a supply-passage which connects the chamber 14 with the said valve, whereby pressure is first admitted by the valve to chamber 14 to operate the piston and is then admitted by the said piston from the chamber 14 to the chamber 6 to reverso the valve automatically, substantially as set forth.

9. The combination, with a feeding-cylinder,and a powercylinder slidable therein and provided with a port and a passageconnecting it with the said feeding-cylinder; of a piston reciprocating in the said power-cylinder and uncovering the said port at one end of its stroke whereby the said power-cylinder is fed forward step by step in the said feedingcylinder, substantially as set forth.

10. The combination, with a feeding-cylinder, and a power-cylinder slidable therein and provided with a triangular port in its side having its apex arranged toward the feedingcylinder and having a passage connecting the said port with the feeding-cylinder; of a piston reciprocating in the said power-cylinder and uncovering the said port to a variable extent, and a check-valve arranged in the said passage, substantially as set forth.

11. The combination, with a cylinder provided with an annular valve-chamber; of a piston slidable in the cylinder and forming chambers 13 and 14 at its ends; and an an- IOO IIO

ating when reversed to first close the port 16 and then place it in communication with the pressure-chamber 3, and to l'si; close the port 18 and then place ib in communication with the exhaust-chamber 2, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

FRANK RATTEK.

Witnesses:

ALICE J. MURRAY, FREDK. K. DAGGETT. 

